Investigating the Sustainability of the 5G Base Station
Additionally, since 5G needs many more base stations than 4G network to achieve the same coverage, we describe how 5G will likely increase the use of materials like copper, gold, and
Additionally, since 5G needs many more base stations than 4G network to achieve the same coverage, we describe how 5G will likely increase the use of materials like copper, gold, and
As global 5G deployments surpass 3 million base stations, a critical question emerges: How can telecom operators sustainably power this infrastructure while reducing $34 billion in annual
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However, the widespread deployment of 5G base stations has led to increased energy consumption. Individual 5G base stations require 3–4 times more power than fourth-generation mobile communication technology (4G) base stations, and their deployment density is 4–5 times that of 4G base stations [3, 4].
Model of Base Station Power System The key equipment in 5G base stations are the baseband unit (BBU) and active antenna unit (AAU), both of which are direct current loads. The power of AAU contributes to roughly 80% of the overall communication system power and is highly dependent on the communication volume .
1. Introduction The advantages of “high bandwidth, high capacity, high reliability, and low latency” of the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) have made it a popular choice globally [1, 2]. However, the widespread deployment of 5G base stations has led to increased energy consumption.
Furthermore, references [13, 14] propose the integration of partial backup energy storage in base stations into grid dispatch, resulting in increased economic benefits of base stations and improved stability of the distribution network. However, on one hand, optimization of base station operating modes have limited ability to reduce energy demands.